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Article #53: The Rap History Map Shows a Generation Gap

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The Rap History Map Shows a Generation stood as a landmark in North American
Gap music. The king of the twelve-string
21st April 2007 guitar was my earliest influence,
Author: Pat Boardman possibly because my guitar was a
Classifying Rap and Hip-Hop under the twelve-string also, and because at the
category of music is stretching the age of thirteen I could sing as high as
definition most generously and it's Leadbelly. After my voice changed at
unfair to people with talent who can puberty I was forced to look to other
actually play an instrument or sing. This singers to emulate, especially those who
article outlines the roots of this played a blend of Folk and Blues that is
billion-dollar industry that has such a known today as Roots Rock Music, a mixed
wide audience despite the fact that it's progressive sound with lyrics that tell a
not music. Music is an art form using story or express a message to sway the
melody, instrumentation, and lyrics if audience by meaning as well as volume and
there are singers. Musicians work with playing skill.
scales, key signatures, and time Telling a story in the middle of a song
signatures when their techniques are engaged the audience and was a good
applied. change of pace to amuse the listeners.
Iambic Tetrameter in poetry is the His rapping during the song was not done
simplest form of rhyme scheme. It's also using rhymes; he was commenting on points
the mainstay of rap; you may have noticed relating to the theme of the lyric. He
the similarity of rap lines to the poem would then return to the refrain and sing
"Mary Had a Little Lamb" in which the another verse or two. Other folksingers
second and fourth line rhyme in each couldn't manage this trick, and so they
stanza. That is what rap has become in told stories in between songs. To talk
the last two decades: an urban and play at the same time is an enviable
competition for power and glory where skill that's beyond anything that I can
four or five overdressed baggy-pants do. When Bob Dylan turned the Folk scene
gangsters with toques skip as they come on its head with the release of Highway
out on stage and take turns bending down 61 Revisited, the opening tune,
to a camera making identical hand moves "Subterranean Homesick Blues" set the
and spitting into their microphones to a stage for modern rap to find its energy.
drum machine. Anyone who's been under It wasn't a Blues song; it could best be
stage lights will attest to the fact that described as upbeat Rock 'n Roll
the heat is unbearable under your machine-gunning words everywhere. The
clothes, made worse by the strain of verses had only two notes and consisted
playing. A lot of rock musicians like of four rhyming lines followed by another
Robert Plant and Keith Richards wear an four rhyming lines. Then the chorus
open vest. The second drummer for April resolved back into a melody. The time
Wine went shirtless with suspenders. Any signature Dylan used is known as "cut
clothing on the upper body becomes soaked time" where the half-note gets one beat
with sweat, but rappers' clothes are part instead of two. It would be difficult to
of the pose. So is the angry lower lip hip-hop to it, as the body can't go up
and dangerous-looking scowl. You won't and down at that frantic pace. It would
see them with beaming smiles like Ray very easy to slow it down into the form
Charles or James Brown. Rap is convenient of today's Rap if you took out the melody
as a way to cultivate a tough-guy image of the chorus and changed the time
that it may never go away. Most pop music signature to rap's standard - 4/4 time
styles fade out after the crowds find with the accent on the second beat in
fresh new concepts, but the rap each bar, with a maximum of one note from
phenomenon goes on because of the the major scale and the same note
infinite number of young people who see repeated one octave up. Ask a rapper to
this as a way to escape the surroundings define a scale, an octave, a bar, a time
of poverty without going through the signature, a sixteenth note, a treble
unpleasant necessities of work or clef, or a rest, and you'll get a blank
education. In the current form we see stare as if you were from another planet.
rap's followers take a step backward; a The first time I heard of Rap was in 1974
violent obscene attempt to bring back in Boston when I teamed up with a black
racial hatred as the young people define harmonica player from New Orleans. We
themselves as being on the other side of were street performers and worked in and
the social fence that the previous four alcove around Harvard Square. One day we
generations worked so hard to knock down. took a rest break and he took several
The majority of black people are steps out to the sidewalk and began
satisfied that they have integration, talking to people walking by, ad libbing
civil rights, and a chance to be private comments about things he observed about
citizens who have a chance to focus on people going by. He had a big smile
something other than skin color. No one showing two gold stars placed into his
should forget the crimes of the past, but front teeth by a dentist back in more
pushing on to a better future is the path profitable times. He was lightly humorous
to take - parents know this better than as he talked to them about their
anyone; their efforts to reach the middle aloofness, their inability to smile or
class were too painful to see it all make eye contact, and their terse
erased by overfed youngsters trying to mannerisms. He wasn't moving around or
act as avengers using society as a posing; he wasn't obscene or acting like
scapegoat for perceived injustices he was a tough guy…he just thought up
without even knowing how rap started. things as he talked, and the words didn't
The beginnings of dirges, work songs, the rhyme. It was more like off-the-cuff
Blues, and Black American Folk music communication attempting to inject some
appeared when slaves in the cotton fields soul into these stiff people with their
would establish a call-and-answer rhythm cold mannerisms. He might gesture in
to ease their anguish over the greeting to each pedestrian, but nothing
backbreaking work forced on them twelve was rehearsed. Spontaneity was the key to
hours a day, seven days a week in the this curious performance I was watching.
heat of the Deep South. After the I asked him what he was doing of course
emancipation, a sharecropping system and he told me, "Why, this is rapping.
allowed for more privacy and availability Everybody playing on the street in New
to instruments like guitars, Orleans is into it". He went at it some
squeezeboxes, and banjos. In addition, more; a woman came down the sidewalk.
many were enthusiastic and talented "Here's this nice lady, all in a
singers with amazing vocal range and hurry…she's wondering why we're smilin'
quality. People in the following and hanging out but she can't smile back
generation started to have the freedom to 'cause it'd be too much trouble to set
play for money like their counterparts in down a dime for young Jody here who's
the North who came to the forefront in tryin' to get some attention…but she
Big Band and Jazz music during won't talk to the poor guys here 'cause
Prohibition. The music was exciting she's too good to be true and she's got a
enough to be featured in movies and on rich boyfriend to see and a place to go
the radio, but segregation still cast a and eat and sleep," and on he went
pall over the atmosphere of freedom that happily with each new face that went by.
is the essence of music. He was totally unaffected, relaxed,
The system's racial unfairness that we funny, and clever. Both of us had to get
despise today caused its victims to by on our wits, during those hungry
develop greater creativity in the cause homeless days. I felt bad for having the
of financial survival, and some legendary advantage of having white skin, and I
musicians became well-known and loved by could feel the distaste of people when
audiences. No one could listen to Duke they saw us performing together. The
Ellington's band or watch Cab Calloway on racial bias eventually began to destroy
the big screen without experiencing a him and he started taking speed pills and
quickening heartbeat and a rush of he stopped caring. He lost weight and
excitement. These people were beacons of started to hate himself. Society took a
genius, but still unwelcome in white heavy soul and turned him into a
hotels. Music and dance milieus were self-destructive shell of his former
enriched a thousand fold by scores of self. We were both poor, so I had no way
naturally gifted performers. That's not to help him and we drifted our separate
to say hard work wasn't necessary to get ways when the cold weather approached. I
them to the top. They honed their skills had no idea that the improvised teasing
into performances that would never be of the audience would turn into the
reproduced. They were big-city musicians pompous violent bastardization of that
and they had to have total command of the art form with the grade-three rhyme
mechanics and interpretation of all the scheme that we see and hear today. It's
elements that form music. now seen as a way to become rich and
The earliest recordings that had talking famous while avoiding the annoyances of
sections within the song were those of music lessons, practice, and learning an
Leadbelly. Although the recording company instrument. Anyone with a drum machine
wanted him to concentrate on Blues, he and a microphone can now declare himself
was primarily a folksinger. Leadbelly was a "musician" despite the lack of an ear
the son of sharecroppers and only for music. Getting an act together
semi-literate, but his imposing form doesn't require copping an attitude.






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